Integrative-Inclusive Islamic Religious Education as an Effort to Build Multicultural Education in the Modern Era

Abstract

The diversity of social, cultural, ethnic, and religious backgrounds in Indonesia requires an educational approach that is able to build tolerance and appreciation for differences. However, Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning still faces challenges due to the tendency of exclusive religious understanding that is less responsive to the reality of a multicultural society. This study aims to analyze the concept of Integrative-Inclusive Islamic Religious Education as an effort to develop multicultural education in the modern era. Although previous studies have discussed multicultural education, research that specifically formulates the conceptual framework of integrative-inclusive PAI in responding to contemporary modern challenges remains limited. This research uses a qualitative approach with a library research method. Data were collected through documentation of relevant literature, including books, scientific articles, and previous studies, then analyzed using content analysis techniques. The results show that integrative-inclusive PAI demonstrates how Islamic values connect with social, cultural, and modern developments. This approach encourages the formation of students who are religious, tolerant, humanistic, and able to live harmoniously in a multicultural society.